Article last updated: October 15, 2024
Polyquaternium-47, also known by its chemical name 1-Propanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-3-[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, chloride, polymer with methyl 2-propenoate and 2-propenoic acid, is a versatile ingredient commonly found in a variety of cosmetic products. This ingredient is part of the polyquaternium family, a group of polymers known for their conditioning properties.
Polyquaternium-47 was developed as part of ongoing research into improving the performance of hair and skin care products. Its unique chemical structure allows it to form a thin, flexible film on the surface of hair and skin, which provides a range of benefits from hair fixing to skin conditioning. The ingredient is synthesized through a polymerization process that involves combining its constituent monomers—methyl 2-propenoate and 2-propenoic acid—under controlled conditions. This results in a high-molecular-weight polymer that is both water-soluble and highly effective in its intended applications.
The use of Polyquaternium-47 in cosmetics has grown over the years due to its multifunctional properties. Initially, it was introduced to the market as a superior alternative to earlier conditioning agents, offering improved performance and greater compatibility with other cosmetic ingredients. Today, it is a staple in many formulations, particularly in products aimed at providing long-lasting hold and conditioning effects.
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized cosmetic benefits and uses of Polyquaternium-47:
Polyquaternium-47 is known for its film-forming properties. This means it can create a thin, continuous layer over the surface of the skin or hair. In practical terms, this film can help to lock in moisture, protect the skin or hair from environmental stressors, and provide a smooth, even texture. For hair products, this film can also help to reduce frizz and improve manageability.
One of the standout benefits of Polyquaternium-47 is its ability to fix hair in place. This makes it a popular ingredient in styling products like gels, mousses, and hairsprays. It provides a strong hold without making the hair feel stiff or sticky. This means you can achieve your desired hairstyle and keep it looking great throughout the day.
Polyquaternium-47 also serves as a skin conditioning agent. This means it can help to improve the appearance and feel of the skin. It works by forming a protective barrier that helps to retain moisture, making the skin feel softer and more hydrated. This can be particularly beneficial in products designed for dry or sensitive skin.
Note: the listed benefits above are exclusively based on the officially recognized and defined functions of the ingredient, as documented by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).
Polyquaternium-47 is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products. However, as with any ingredient, there are potential side effects and considerations to keep in mind:
Regarding individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, data and research on the topical usage of Polyquaternium-47 during pregnancy are lacking. Therefore, it is advisable for these individuals to consult a healthcare professional for further advice.
Adverse reactions to Polyquaternium-47 are relatively uncommon, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before widespread usage to ensure there are no adverse reactions.
Polyquaternium-47 has a comedogenic rating of 1, which means it is unlikely to clog pores and cause acne or breakouts. This makes it a suitable ingredient for individuals prone to acne or blemishes.
