Article last updated: October 15, 2024
Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride, also known by its chemical name Benzenemethanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-[3-[(1-oxotetradecyl)amino]propyl]-, chloride (1:1), is a synthetic ingredient commonly used in cosmetic products. This compound is derived from myristic acid, a fatty acid that is naturally found in nutmeg, palm oil, and coconut oil. The “propalkonium” part of its name indicates that it is a quaternary ammonium compound, which is a type of cationic surfactant.
The history of Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride in cosmetics dates back to the growing demand for multifunctional ingredients that can address various skin and hair concerns. Initially, it was developed for its antimicrobial properties, but over time, its benefits in controlling seborrhea (excessive oiliness) and preventing plaque formation were also recognized. This led to its incorporation in a variety of personal care products, from shampoos and conditioners to facial cleansers and mouthwashes.
The production of Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride involves a multi-step chemical synthesis process. It starts with the extraction of myristic acid from natural sources. The myristic acid is then reacted with propylene oxide to form a myristamidopropylamine intermediate. This intermediate is subsequently quaternized with benzyl chloride to produce the final compound, Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride. This synthesis ensures a high degree of purity and consistency, making it a reliable ingredient for cosmetic formulations.
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized cosmetic benefits and uses of Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride:
Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride is known for its anti-seborrheic properties. In simpler terms, this means it helps control the production of sebum, the oily substance our skin naturally produces. Excessive sebum can lead to oily skin and scalp, which can be a breeding ground for acne and other skin issues. By regulating sebum production, this ingredient can help keep your skin and scalp looking fresh and less greasy.
This ingredient also boasts antimicrobial properties. This means it can help inhibit the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, on the skin. This is particularly beneficial in preventing infections and maintaining a healthy skin microbiome. In the context of cosmetics, this can translate to cleaner, healthier skin and a reduced risk of skin issues caused by microbial growth.
Another notable benefit of Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride is its antiplaque function. While this might sound like something more relevant to dental care, it can also be beneficial for the skin. Plaque, in a broader sense, refers to any unwanted buildup on a surface. In skincare, this ingredient can help prevent the accumulation of dead skin cells and other debris, keeping your skin smooth and clear.
Note: the listed benefits above are exclusively based on the officially recognized and defined functions of the ingredient, as documented by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).
Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride is generally considered safe for topical application in cosmetic products. However, as with any ingredient, there are potential side effects and considerations to keep in mind.
Regarding individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, data and research on the topical usage of Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride during pregnancy are lacking. Therefore, it is advisable for these individuals to consult a healthcare professional for further advice.
Adverse reactions to Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride are relatively uncommon, but it is always a good practice to perform a patch test before widespread usage to ensure there are no adverse reactions.
In terms of comedogenicity, Myristamidopropalkonium Chloride has a rating of 1 on a scale of 0 to 5, where 0 is totally non-comedogenic and 5 is highly comedogenic. This means it has a low likelihood of clogging pores, making it generally suitable for individuals prone to acne, blemishes, or breakouts.
