Article last updated: October 15, 2024
Glyceryl Paba, also known as 1-(4-Aminobenzoate)-1,2,3-Propanetriol or glyceryl paraaminobenzoate, is a cosmetic ingredient primarily used as a UV absorber. This means it helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation by absorbing UV rays. Chemically, it is a compound formed by the esterification of glycerol with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
The history of Glyceryl Paba in cosmetics dates back to the mid-20th century when the need for effective sun protection became more apparent. PABA itself was one of the first organic UV filters used in sunscreens. However, due to its potential to cause skin irritation and allergic reactions, chemists sought to modify it to create a more skin-friendly derivative. This led to the development of Glyceryl Paba, which combines the UV-absorbing properties of PABA with the moisturizing benefits of glycerol.
The production of Glyceryl Paba involves a chemical reaction where glycerol, a naturally occurring alcohol derived from plant oils or animal fats, is reacted with para-aminobenzoic acid. This esterification process results in a compound that retains the UV-absorbing capabilities of PABA while being less irritating to the skin. The final product is a versatile ingredient that can be incorporated into various cosmetic formulations, particularly sunscreens and other skincare products designed to offer UV protection.
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized cosmetic benefits and uses of Glyceryl Paba:
Glyceryl Paba is primarily known for its ability to absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This means that when it is included in cosmetic products, it helps to protect the skin from the harmful effects of UV rays. UV rays can cause a range of skin issues, from sunburn to premature aging and even skin cancer. By absorbing these rays, Glyceryl Paba helps to mitigate these risks, making it a valuable ingredient in sunscreens and other sun-protective products.
When used in combination with other UV filters, Glyceryl Paba can enhance the overall sun protection factor (SPF) of a product. This means that products containing Glyceryl Paba can offer more comprehensive protection against both UVA and UVB rays, which are responsible for different types of skin damage. This makes it a popular choice for formulations aimed at providing broad-spectrum sun protection.
Note: the listed benefits above are exclusively based on the officially recognized and defined functions of the ingredient, as documented by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).
Glyceryl Paba, while effective as a UV absorber, may have some potential side effects and considerations that users should be aware of:
Regarding individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, data and research on the topical usage of Glyceryl Paba during pregnancy are lacking. Therefore, it is advisable for these individuals to consult a healthcare professional for further advice before using products containing this ingredient.
Adverse reactions to Glyceryl Paba are relatively uncommon, but they can occur. To minimize the risk of irritation or allergic reactions, it is recommended to perform a patch test before widespread usage.
In terms of comedogenicity, Glyceryl Paba is rated at a 2 on a scale of 0 to 5, where 0 is totally non-comedogenic and 5 is highly comedogenic. This means it has a low to moderate potential to clog pores, which may be a consideration for individuals prone to acne, blemishes, or breakouts.
