Article last updated: October 15, 2024
Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate is a synthetic compound primarily used in cosmetic products for its cleansing properties. This ingredient is part of the nonionic surfactant family, which means it helps to lower the surface tension between different substances, such as oil and water, making it easier to remove dirt and impurities from the skin.
The history of Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate in cosmetics dates back to the mid-20th century when the demand for more effective and versatile cleansing agents began to rise. Its development was driven by the need for ingredients that could provide superior cleansing without causing irritation or dryness, which were common issues with earlier surfactants.
Chemically, Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate is derived from nonylphenol, which is then ethoxylated with approximately nine moles of ethylene oxide. This process creates a molecule with both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and lipophilic (oil-attracting) properties, making it an effective emulsifier and cleanser. The final step involves the phosphorylation of the ethoxylated nonylphenol, resulting in the phosphate ester form that is used in cosmetic formulations.
The production of Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate involves several stages of chemical reactions, starting with the alkylation of phenol with nonene to produce nonylphenol. This is followed by the ethoxylation process, where ethylene oxide is added to the nonylphenol under controlled conditions to achieve the desired degree of ethoxylation. Finally, the ethoxylated nonylphenol is reacted with phosphoric acid to form the phosphate ester, which is then purified and incorporated into various cosmetic products.
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized cosmetic benefits and uses of Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate:
Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate is primarily used for its cleansing properties. This means it helps to remove dirt, oil, and other impurities from the skin. When included in cosmetic formulations, it acts as a surfactant, which is a fancy way of saying it helps water to mix with oils and dirt so they can be rinsed away easily. This makes it an effective ingredient in products like facial cleansers, body washes, and shampoos. Essentially, it helps to keep your skin and hair clean by ensuring that unwanted substances are effectively washed away.
Note: the listed benefits above are exclusively based on the officially recognized and defined functions of the ingredient, as documented by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).
Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products, but like any ingredient, it may cause adverse reactions in some individuals. Here are some potential side effects of topical application:
Regarding individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, data and research on the topical usage of Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate during pregnancy are lacking. Therefore, it is recommended that they consult a healthcare professional for further advice.
Adverse reactions to Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate are relatively uncommon, but it is always prudent to conduct a patch test before widespread usage to ensure personal tolerance.
On a comedogenicity scale of 0 to 5, Nonyl Nonoxynol-9 Phosphate is rated as a 1, meaning it has a low likelihood of clogging pores. This makes it generally suitable for individuals prone to acne, blemishes, or breakouts, although individual reactions can vary.
